bLdkWu dk n'kZu
1
3%Jhikn jkekuqtkpk;Z ,oa
fof'k"Vv}Srokn&Jhikn jkekuqtkpk;Z us
czã ds Lo:i ds lca/k esa viuk vfHker bl izdkj izdV fd;k gS &czã loZo`gRre rRo gS
] og vof/k jfgr ,oa rkjrE;jfgr gS A og Lo:ir% ,oa xq.kr% Hkh vlhe gS A czã
losZ'oj] loZ'kfDreku gS A loZfo/k gs; xq.k fooftZr gS A fdUrq vuUr dY;k.k
xq.kkdj gS A og txr dk drkZ gS ]loZK]loZfon~ ,oa lkdkj gS A cSdq.Bkf/kifr
Jhukjk;.k gh ijczã rRo gS A
mUgksus thorRo bl izdkj Lohdkj fd;k
gS & tho fpr~ gS]cã dk va'k gS] og fuR; ,oa vukfn gS ] og KkuLo:i dk Kkrk gS ]
drkZ ,oa HkksDrk gS ] ifj.kke esa tho v.kq gS ] la[;k esa vuUr ,oa mldk fuR;
i`Fkd vfLrRo gS A Jhiknjkekuqtkpk;Z us txr dks vfpr czã dk ifj.kke ;k czã dk
voLFkkUrj Lo:i ekuk gS A mUgksaus thoa ,oa txr dks lR; ekuk gS A ,oa tho txr dks
czã dk 'kjhj ekuk gS A vFkkZr~ tho tks fpn~ oLrq gS ,oa txr tks vfpn~ oLrq gS &
fpn~vfpn~ oLrq ^tho vkSj txr ~] czã dk 'kjhj gS A tho&txr~ :i 'kjhj fof'k"V v};
rRo dks mUgksus czã ekuk gS A vr% Jhikn jkekuqtkpk;Z dker gS fd tho txr czã dk 'kjhj
gS vkSj czã tho txr dk buds bl er dks fof'k"Vk}Srokn dgrs gS A
4%Jhiknek/okpk;Z ,oa }Srokn&
Jhikn ek/okpk;Z us czã dk Lo:i bl izdkj fu.kZ; fd;k gS &czã l`f"V&fLFkfr&izy;drkZ]loZfu;ked]vfpUR;]vuUr
,s'o;Ze; ]ijeLora=] loZK]losZ'oj]loZfon~ loZ'kfDreku ,oa vfpUR;'kfDr fof'k"V gSa
A czã lkdkj lxq.k,oa loZO;kid gS A
tho Lo:i&
dk o.kZu djrs gq, mUgksaus dgk gS &^^tho psruLo:i gS ] ijra= rRo gS ]lR; gS ,oa
vuUr la[;k esa]ifjek.k esa v.kq gS A tho Hkxoku~ Jhd`".k dk fuR;&vuqpj gS A tho
v/khu ]vYiK rFkk bZLoj ds fu:ikf/kd izfrfcEc dk va'k gS A txr dk rRo mUgksaus bl
izdkj O;Dr fd;k gS &^^txr dks ijes'oj us l`fLV dh gS A czã txr~ dk fufer dkj.k
gS ,oa izd`fr txr dk miknku dkj.k gS A txr lR; fdUrq vfuR; gS ]dk;Z:i esa txr
vfuR; gS ] fdUrq dkj.k:i esa fuR; gS ]ijrU= rRo gS ,oa Hkxoku~ ds o'korhZ gS A
czã tho ,oa txr~ bu rhuksa ds
lEc/k esa Jhikne/okpk;Z dk dguk gS fd buesa ijLij ikap izdkj ds Hksn fuR;
orZeku gS & 1% tho ,oa bZ'oj esa Hksn ] 2% tho ,oa tho esa ijLij Hksn ]3%bZ'oj ,oa
tM+ txr esa Hksn ] 4% tho ,oa tM+ esa Hksn ]5% tM+ ,oa tM+ esa ijLij Hksn A bu
ikap izdkj ds LFkkiu djus ds dkj.k buds er dks ^Hksnokn] ;k ^}Srokn] dgk tkrk gS
A mUgksausa LorU=&rRo:i esa ,dek= bZ'oj ijczã dks Lohdkj fd;k gS A nwljs
ijrU= rRo :i esa mUgksaus bZ'ojk/khu ,oa bZ'oj fu;af=r tho ,oa txr dks Hkh
Lohdkj fd;k gS & bu nksuksa rRoksa dsk Lohdkj djus ls Hkh buds er dks ^}Srokn]
dgk tkrk gS A fdUrq ;fn lw{e Hkko ls fopkj fd;k tk; rks mudk er ^ }Srokn] ugha
dgk tk ldrk ] D;ksfd nks oLrq,Wa ;fn ijLij fujis{k gksa ]muesa izR;d oLrq
gh ;fn Lo;a fln~/k gks ] rHkh mudks ,d &nwljs ls lEiw.kZ:i ls i`Fkd nks oLrq,Wa
dgk tk ldrk gS a vkSj muesa vkR;fUrd Hksn Hkh Lohdkj fd;k tk ldrk gS A fdUrq
Jhikn e/okpk;Z n~okjk Lohd`r nks rRoksa esa ,dek= Lora= rRo ijes'oj dks gh vU;&fujis{k
Lo;afln~/k rRo ekuk x;k gS A vkSj muds n~okjk tks ijra= Lohdkj fd;k x;k gS &og
vU; fujis{k Lo;a fln~/k rRo ugha gS A ijra= rRo esa mUgksaus tho ,oa txr dks
fy;k gS A tho dks bZ'okjk/khu] bZ'oj dk vuqpj ]bZ'oj dk va'k Hkh mUgksaus
Lohdkj fd;k gS A vr% muds Lohd`r tho rRo dks bZ'oj fujis{k Lo;a fln~/k ugha dgk
tk ldrk A buds er esa txr dks Hkh ^^bZ'oj l`"V ]bZ'oj dr`Zdfu;af=r]] dgk x;k gS
A vr% txr dks Hkh bZ'oj fujis{k Lo;afln~/k rRo ugha dgk tk ldrk A vr% ;g ckr dgh
tk ldrh gS fd JheUe/okpk;Z ds erokn dks rkfRod fopkj ls }Srokn ;k dsoy Hksnokn
dguk laxr ugha gS A rkfRod fopkj ls mls HksnkHksnokn dg nsuk vR;ksfDr u gksxh A
4% Jhikn fuEckdkZpk;Z ,oa LokHkkfod
HksnkHksnokn%& Jhikn fuEckdkZpk;Z us czã dk Lo:i bl izdkj fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS &
czã loZ o`gRre gS ] og Lo:i esa vuUr gS ]og dY;k.k xq.kkdj gS ] fdUrq gs; izkd`r
xq.k jfgr gS A og lR; Lo:i fprLo:i ,oa Kku Lo:i gS ] loZK gS A l`fLVh&fLFkfr&izy;
dk ,dek= drkZ gS ] leLr dk fu;Urk gS A og txr dk fufer vkSj miknku dkj.k gS A
lkdkj ],s'o;Z&ek/kq;Ze; iq:"kksRre gS A muds er esa Jhjk/kk lefUor Jhd`".k gh
ijczã gSa A muds er esa tho Lo:ir% KkuLo:i gS ,oa tM+ fooftZr fpr~]czã dk va'k
rFkk Kkrk ,oa HkksDrk gS a drkZ gS]loZ voLFkk esa czã ds }kjk fu;af=r gS A tho
fuR; gS A Lo:i ls va.kq gS ] la[;k esa vuUr gS vkSj eqDrkoLFkk esa Hkh czã ls th
dk i`Fkd~ vfLrRo jgrk gS A
txr dks os vfpr ;k tM+
dgrs gS vkSj vfpr ds mUgksaus rhu Hksn ekus gSa A izkd`r vkizkd`r rFkk dky A
ifjn`';eku iapHkkSfrd txr dks os izkd`r vfpr ekurs gSa vkSj ykSfdd txr esa vfpr
oLrqvksa dk miknku tSls izd`fr gSa A mlh izdkj Hkxon~/kke ]ogka ds nsgkfn ,oa
vyadkj vkfn rFkk leLr Hkksx oLrqvksa ds miknku dks vfpr ds varHkqZDr
vkizkd`r vfpr ekuk gS A dky dks Hkh mUgksaus vfpr ekuk gS A
tho txr dk czã ds lkFk
lac/k LFkkiu djrs gq, mudk er gS A fd ^^ czã dkj.k gS ] ,oa tho mldk dk;Z gS ]
caã iw.kZ ,oa va'kh gS vkSj tho mldk va'k gS A og mikL; gS vkSj tho mudk mikld
gS &bR;kfn A dkj.k&dk;Z esa va'kh ,oa va'k esa ]mikL;&mikld esa loZnk Hksn
orZeku gS A blfy, czã&tho esa Hksn gSA czã va'kh gS vkSj txr mldk va'k gS ] czã
KkuLo:i gS A ,oa txr~ LFkwy ,oa tM+ gS ] vr% czã ,oa txr esa Hkh loZnk Hksn gS A
fQj mUgksaus dgk fd dkj.k ,oa dk;Z tSls Hksn gS ]oSls vHksn Hkh orZeku gS
D;ksafd dkj.k gh dk;Z:i esa vfHkO;Dr gksrk gS A va'kh ,oa va'k esa Hkh Hksn
orZeku gS A vr% mUgksaus czã ,oa tho txr ds fuR; vHksn dks Lohdkj fd;k gS A czã
,oa tho txr ds LokHkkfod Hksn rFkk vHksn dks Jhikn fuEckdkzpk;Z us
Lohdkj fd;k gS A vr% muds bl er dks ^LokHkkfod HksnkHksnokn ] dgk tkrk gS A
vkxs